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Winterizing Your Home to Prevent Water Heaters

Last updated October 25, 2026

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The short answer

Why Winterizing Matters

When temperatures drop, water inside pipes and heaters can freeze and expand. That expansion can crack metal or plastic, causing leaks that spread through walls and floors. A small crack in a pipe can release gallons of water per minute, leading to significant water damage.

Prevention is simpler than repair. Taking a few hours to prepare your home before a cold snap reduces the risk of burst pipes and water heater failures. You protect your property and avoid the disruption of drying out rooms and replacing soaked materials.

Steps to Protect Your Water Heater

Start by insulating your water heater tank and the first few feet of hot and cold water pipes. Use pipe insulation foam or heat tape, which you can find at hardware stores. This keeps water warmer and reduces the chance of freezing.

If your water heater is in an unheated garage or crawlspace, close any vents and seal gaps around doors. Keep the area as warm as possible. You can also drain the heater if you plan to leave the home for an extended period during winter.

  • Wrap the tank with an insulation blanket
  • Insulate all exposed pipes with foam sleeves
  • Seal gaps around doors and windows in utility areas
  • Drain outdoor hoses and shut off exterior faucets
  • Keep the thermostat at 55 degrees or higher when away
  • Locate and label your main water shutoff valve

Managing Indoor Pipes

Indoor pipes in exterior walls or under sinks are vulnerable. Open cabinet doors under sinks to let warm air circulate. This simple step can prevent freezing in tight spaces where pipes are close to outer walls.

Let a slow drip from faucets on very cold nights. Moving water is less likely to freeze. Collect the drip in a bucket to avoid waste. This is especially useful when temperatures stay below freezing for several hours.

Outdoor Lines and Faucets

Drain and disconnect garden hoses before the first freeze. Shut off the outdoor water supply if you have a separate valve. Then open the outdoor faucet to let remaining water drain out, and keep it open during winter.

For sprinkler systems or pool lines, follow the manufacturer's draining instructions. If you are unsure, ask a plumber for guidance. Protecting these lines prevents underground leaks that are hard to detect and expensive to repair.

When Water Damage Happens

Even with preparation, freezes can surprise you. If a pipe bursts, shut off the main water valve immediately. Then turn off the water heater's power or gas supply to prevent damage. Move valuables away from the leak and start drying the area with fans and dehumidifiers.

For extensive water, contact local water damage pros. They have the equipment to extract water from floors and walls quickly. You can also check your policy for coverage. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered. Document the damage with photos and keep receipts for any temporary repairs.

  • Shut off the main water valve first
  • Turn off power or gas to the water heater
  • Move furniture and rugs out of wet areas
  • Use towels and a mop to soak up standing water
  • Run fans and a dehumidifier to dry the space
  • Take photos for your insurance records

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Frequently asked questions

What temperature should I keep my house at during winter?

Set your thermostat to at least 55 degrees Fahrenheit, even when away. This keeps indoor pipes from freezing. Lower temperatures can allow pipes in walls to cool to freezing, especially in poorly insulated areas. A consistent setting is safer than turning it off.

Should I drain my water heater if I leave for vacation?

If you plan to be away for more than a few days during freezing weather, draining the water heater can prevent damage. Turn off the power or gas, let it cool, then drain the tank completely. Follow the manufacturer's instructions or ask a plumber for help.

How do I know if my pipes are at risk of freezing?

Pipes in unheated areas like garages, crawlspaces, and exterior walls are most at risk. If you can see them and they feel cold to the touch, insulate them. Also check for drafts near pipe openings and seal any gaps with caulk or foam.

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